|
The summary table of
systems analysed by photothermal lensing in our investigations and the limits
of detection
| Analyte |
Mode |
Reagents
and solvents |
Limit
of detection |
| Bi |
Batch |
iodide
complexes, water |
10
pg cm-3 |
| Co |
Batch,
extraction |
2-nitroso-1-naphthol,
chloroform |
6 × 10-11 mol L -1
(4 pg cm-3 ) |
| Co |
Batch,
extraction |
1-nitroso-2-naphthol,
toluene |
1 × 10
-10 mol L -1
(20 pg cm-3 ) |
| Co |
Batch |
2-nitroso-1-naphthol,
Triton X-100, water |
5 × 10
–9 mol L -1
(300 pg cm-3 ) |
| Cr |
Batch |
EDTA,
water (flow) |
800
pg cm-3 |
| Cu,
Co, Ni |
Batch,
extraction |
Sodium
diethyldithiocarbamate, chloroform |
n × 10
–8 mol L -1 |
| Cu |
Batch |
1,10-phenanthroline,
aqueous media |
2 × 10
–8 mol -1 |
| Cu |
Batch |
Neocuproine,
water–ethanol media |
3 × 10
–8 mol -1 |
| Ni |
Batch |
Dimethylglyoxime,
water–ethanol media |
9
pg cm-3 |
| Fe |
Batch |
1,10-phenanthroline,
aqueous media |
20
pg cm-3 |
| Cd,
Co, Cu, Fe(II), Ni, Zn |
Batch
(sum), FIA, HPLC |
4-(2-thiazolylazo)resorcinol
(TAR), water–ethanol mixture (5 : 1) |
n × 10
–7 mol L -1 |
| Al,
Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Cd, Pb, Bi |
Batch
(sum), FIA, HPLC |
Dithizone,
Water–acetone mixture (2 : 1) |
n × 10
–8 mol L -1 |
| Bi,
Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn |
Batch
(sum), FIA, HPLC |
Xylenol
Orange, water |
n × 10
–7 mol L -1 |
| Co,
Ni, Fe, Cu, V |
HPLC |
4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol |
n × 10
–7 mol L -1 |
| V(V) |
Kinetic |
aniline,
BrO 3 – ,8-hydroxyquinoline |
3 × 10
-10 mol L -1 |
| V(V) |
Surface |
PAR |
4 × 10
-13 mol cm-2 |
| Phenol,
resorcinol, pyrogallol |
Batch |
p -nitrophenyldiazonium |
2–8
ng cm-3 |
| Acetyl-
and salicylhydroxamic acids |
Batch |
Iron(III) |
n × 10
–8 mol L -1 |
| Theophylline |
Batch |
Hydrogen
peroxide, HCl water-acetone medium |
300
pg cm-3 |
| Acetylcholine |
Batch |
Dipicrylamine |
6 × 10
–9 mol L -1 |
| Lipopolysaccharides |
Batch |
Methyl
Thymol Blue, water |
4 mg
cm-3 |
| Lipopolysaccharides |
Batch |
KDO
+ thiobarbituric acid, water |
100
ng cm-3 |
| 8-Hydroxyquinoline |
Kinetic |
aniline,
BrO 3 – , vanadium(V) |
1 × 10
-5 mol L -1 |
| Pyrocatechol |
Kinetic |
aniline,
BrO 3 – , vanadium(V) |
2 × 10
-5 mol L -1 |
| Aniline
and Pyrocatechol |
Kinetic |
BrO
3 – |
n × 10
-5 mol L -1 |
| Resorcinol |
Kinetic |
pyrocatechol,
BrO3– |
1 × 10-5 mol L-1 |
| p -Aminophenol |
Kinetic |
Resorcinol,
sodium periodate |
7 × 10-7 mol
L-1 |
| Methyl
Orange |
FIA |
water |
50
pg cm-3 |
| 2-,3-
and 4-nitrophenols |
HPCE |
Water |
n × 10-6
– n × 10-7 mol L-1 |
| 2,4-dinitrotoluene |
HPCE |
Water |
1 × 10-7 mol
L-1 |
| Alizarin
Yellow |
HPCE |
Water |
5 × 10-7 mol
L-1 |
| Ethanol |
Batch |
Photothermal
effect, water |
0.1%
w/w |
| Dimethylsulfoxide |
Batch |
Photothermal
effect, water |
0.04%
w/w |
| Tween-80,
Triton-X100 and Brij-35 non-ionic
surfactants
|
Batch |
Photothermal
+Soret effects, water |
n × 10-3 mol
L-1 |
| Chromate |
Surface |
2,10-ionene
modified quartz |
n × 10-9 mol
cm-2 |
| Reactivrot
B5A dye |
Surface |
– |
2 × 10-10 mol
cm-2 |
|
